<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs">
<head>
<title>语句</title>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.21.2">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../../../common/favicon.ico">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../common/ext.css">
<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../common/site_modules.css">
<style>a:lang(ar),a:lang(ckb),a:lang(fa),a:lang(kk-arab),a:lang(mzn),a:lang(ps),a:lang(ur){text-decoration:none}#toc{display:none}.editsection{display:none}
/* cache key: mwiki1-mwiki_zh_:resourceloader:filter:minify-css:7:15cea3ec788a65b5187d4018eed543bf */</style>

<script src="../../../common/startup_scripts.js"></script>
<script>if(window.mw){
mw.config.set({"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"c/language/statements","wgTitle":"c/language/statements","wgCurRevisionId":51527,"wgArticleId":7934,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgPageContentLanguage":"zh","wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"zh","wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgMonthNamesShort":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRelevantPageName":"c/language/statements","wgUserVariant":"zh","wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[]});
}</script><script>if(window.mw){
mw.loader.implement("user.options",function(){mw.user.options.set({"ccmeonemails":0,"cols":80,"date":"default","diffonly":0,"disablemail":0,"disablesuggest":0,"editfont":"default","editondblclick":0,"editsection":0,"editsectiononrightclick":0,"enotifminoredits":0,"enotifrevealaddr":0,"enotifusertalkpages":1,"enotifwatchlistpages":0,"extendwatchlist":0,"externaldiff":0,"externaleditor":0,"fancysig":0,"forceeditsummary":0,"gender":"unknown","hideminor":0,"hidepatrolled":0,"imagesize":2,"justify":0,"math":1,"minordefault":0,"newpageshidepatrolled":0,"nocache":0,"noconvertlink":0,"norollbackdiff":0,"numberheadings":0,"previewonfirst":0,"previewontop":1,"quickbar":5,"rcdays":7,"rclimit":50,"rememberpassword":0,"rows":25,"searchlimit":20,"showhiddencats":0,"showjumplinks":1,"shownumberswatching":1,"showtoc":0,"showtoolbar":1,"skin":"cppreference2","stubthreshold":0,"thumbsize":2,"underline":2,"uselivepreview":0,"usenewrc":0,"watchcreations":0,"watchdefault":0,"watchdeletion":0,
"watchlistdays":3,"watchlisthideanons":0,"watchlisthidebots":0,"watchlisthideliu":0,"watchlisthideminor":0,"watchlisthideown":0,"watchlisthidepatrolled":0,"watchmoves":0,"wllimit":250,"variant":"zh","language":"zh","searchNs0":true,"searchNs1":false,"searchNs2":false,"searchNs3":false,"searchNs4":false,"searchNs5":false,"searchNs6":false,"searchNs7":false,"searchNs8":false,"searchNs9":false,"searchNs10":false,"searchNs11":false,"searchNs12":false,"searchNs13":false,"searchNs14":false,"searchNs15":false,"gadget-MathJax":1,"gadget-ColiruCompiler":1});;},{},{});mw.loader.implement("user.tokens",function(){mw.user.tokens.set({"editToken":"+\\","patrolToken":false,"watchToken":false});;},{},{});
/* cache key: mwiki1-mwiki_zh_:resourceloader:filter:minify-js:7:258d7cd6aa9aa67dee25e01fb6a9e505 */
}</script>
<script>if(window.mw){
mw.loader.load(["mediawiki.page.startup","mediawiki.legacy.wikibits","mediawiki.legacy.ajax"]);
}</script>
<style type="text/css">/*<![CDATA[*/
.source-c {line-height: normal;}
.source-c li, .source-c pre {
	line-height: normal; border: 0px none white;
}
/**
 * GeSHi Dynamically Generated Stylesheet
 * --------------------------------------
 * Dynamically generated stylesheet for c
 * CSS class: source-c, CSS id: 
 * GeSHi (C) 2004 - 2007 Nigel McNie, 2007 - 2008 Benny Baumann
 * (http://qbnz.com/highlighter/ and http://geshi.org/)
 * --------------------------------------
 */
.c.source-c .de1, .c.source-c .de2 {font: normal normal 1em/1.2em monospace; margin:0; padding:0; background:none; vertical-align:top;}
.c.source-c  {font-family:monospace;}
.c.source-c .imp {font-weight: bold; color: red;}
.c.source-c li, .c.source-c .li1 {font-weight: normal; vertical-align:top;}
.c.source-c .ln {width:1px;text-align:right;margin:0;padding:0 2px;vertical-align:top;}
.c.source-c .li2 {font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;}
.c.source-c .kw1 {color: #0000dd;}
.c.source-c .kw2 {color: #0000ff;}
.c.source-c .kw3 {color: #0000dd;}
.c.source-c .kw4 {color: #0000ff;}
.c.source-c .co1 {color: #909090;}
.c.source-c .co2 {color: #339900;}
.c.source-c .coMULTI {color: #ff0000; font-style: italic;}
.c.source-c .es0 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .es1 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .es2 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .es3 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .es4 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .es5 {color: #008000; font-weight: bold;}
.c.source-c .br0 {color: #008000;}
.c.source-c .sy0 {color: #008000;}
.c.source-c .sy1 {color: #000080;}
.c.source-c .sy2 {color: #000040;}
.c.source-c .sy3 {color: #000040;}
.c.source-c .sy4 {color: #008080;}
.c.source-c .st0 {color: #008000;}
.c.source-c .nu0 {color: #000080;}
.c.source-c .nu6 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu8 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu12 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu16 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu17 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu18 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .nu19 {color:#000080;}
.c.source-c .ln-xtra, .c.source-c li.ln-xtra, .c.source-c div.ln-xtra {background-color: #ffc;}
.c.source-c span.xtra { display:block; }

/*]]>*/
</style><!--[if lt IE 7]><style type="text/css">body{behavior:url("/mwiki/skins/cppreference2/csshover.min.htc")}</style><![endif]--></head>
<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-c_language_statements skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
        <!-- header -->
        <!-- /header -->
        <!-- content -->
<div id="cpp-content-base">
            <div id="content">
                <a id="top"></a>
                <div id="mw-js-message" style="display:none;"></div>
                                <!-- firstHeading -->
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">语句</h1>
                <!-- /firstHeading -->
                <!-- bodyContent -->
                <div id="bodyContent">
                                        <!-- tagline -->
                    <div id="siteSub">来自cppreference.com</div>
                    <!-- /tagline -->
                                        <!-- subtitle -->
                    <div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">&lt; <a href="../../c.html" title="c">c</a>‎ | <a href="../language.html" title="c/language">language</a></span></div>
                    <!-- /subtitle -->
                                                            <!-- bodycontent -->
                    <div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="t-navbar" style=""><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><a href="../../c.html" title="c"> C</a><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="line-height:1.1em;">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../language.html" title="c/language">语言</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../header.html" title="c/header">头文件</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../types.html" title="c/types">类型支持</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../program.html" title="c/program">程序工具</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../variadic.html" title="c/variadic">变参数函数支持</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../memory.html" title="c/memory">动态内存管理</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../error.html" title="c/error">错误处理</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../chrono.html" title="c/chrono">日期和时间工具</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../string.html" title="c/string">字符串库</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../algorithm.html" title="c/algorithm">算法</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../numeric.html" title="c/numeric">数值</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../io.html" title="c/io">输入/输出支持</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../locale.html" title="c/locale">本地化支持</a> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../thread.html" title="c/thread">线程支持</a> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../atomic.html" title="c/atomic">原子操作</a> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="../experimental.html" title="c/experimental">技术规范</a> </td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><a href="../language.html" title="c/language">C 语言</a></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><strong class="selflink">语句</strong><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div style="display:inline-block">
<div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 标号</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="statements.html#.E6.A0.87.E5.8F.B7" title="c/language/statements"><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-spar">label</span> : <span class="t-spar">statement</span></span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 表达式语句</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="statements.html#.E8.A1.A8.E8.BE.BE.E5.BC.8F.E8.AF.AD.E5.8F.A5" title="c/language/statements"><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-spar">expression</span> ;</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 复合语句</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="statements.html#.E5.A4.8D.E5.90.88.E8.AF.AD.E5.8F.A5" title="c/language/statements"><span class="t-lines"><span>{ <span class="t-spar">statement</span>... }</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 选择语句</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="if.html" title="c/language/if"><span class="t-lines"><span>if</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="switch.html" title="c/language/switch"><span class="t-lines"><span>switch</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 迭代语句</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="while.html" title="c/language/while"><span class="t-lines"><span>while</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="do.html" title="c/language/do"><span class="t-lines"><span>do-while</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="for.html" title="c/language/for"><span class="t-lines"><span>for</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 跳转语句</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="break.html" title="c/language/break"><span class="t-lines"><span>break</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="continue.html" title="c/language/continue"><span class="t-lines"><span>continue</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="return.html" title="c/language/return"><span class="t-lines"><span>return</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="goto.html" title="c/language/goto"><span class="t-lines"><span>goto</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div>
</div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<p>语句是带顺序执行的 C 程序段。任何函数体都是一条复合语句，继而为语句或声明的序列：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span> <span class="co1">// 复合语句的开始</span>
    <span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">1</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 声明（非语句）</span>
    n <span class="sy1">=</span> n<span class="sy2">+</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 表达式语句</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"n = %d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, n<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 表达式语句</span>
    <span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 返回语句</span>
<span class="br0">}</span> <span class="co1">// 复合语句之结尾，函数体之结尾</span></pre></div></div>
<p><br>
语句有五种类型：
</p>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 复合语句</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 表达式语句</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> 选择语句</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">4)</span> 迭代语句</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">5)</span> 跳转语句</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.A0.87.E5.8F.B7">标号</span></h3>
<p>任何语句都能<i>有标号</i>，通过在语句自身前提供一个跟随冒号的名称。
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <span class="t-spar">标识符</span> <code><b>:</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span>
</td>
<td> (1)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>case</b></code> <span class="t-spar">常量表达式</span> <code><b>:</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span>
</td>
<td> (2)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>default</b></code> <code><b>:</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span>
</td>
<td> (3)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr></table>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> <a href="goto.html" title="c/language/goto">goto</a> 语句的目标。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> <a href="switch.html" title="c/language/switch">switch</a> 语句的 <code>case</code> 标号。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> <a href="switch.html" title="c/language/switch">switch</a> 语句的默认标号。</div>
<p>任何语句（但非声明）可以前附任意数量的<i>标号</i>，每个都声明一个 <span class="t-spar">标识符</span> 为标号名，标号名必须在闭合的函数中唯一（换言之，标号名拥有<a href="scope.html" title="c/language/scope">函数作用域</a>）。
</p><p>标号声明自身没有效果，不会以任何方式变更控制流，或修改跟随其后的语句的行为。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.A4.8D.E5.90.88.E8.AF.AD.E5.8F.A5">复合语句</span></h3>
<p>复合语句，或称<i>块</i>，是花括号所包围的语句与声明的序列。
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>{</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span> <code>|</code> <span class="t-spar">声明</span>...<span class="t-mark">(可选)</span> <code><b>} </b></code>
</td>
<td> (1)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr></table>
<p>复合语句允许将一组声明和语句组合入一个单元，并将其任何在期待单个语句的场所使用（例如在 <a href="if.html" title="c/language/if">if</a> 语句或迭代语句中）：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span>expr<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="co1">// if 语句的开始</span>
<span class="br0">{</span> <span class="co1">// 开始块</span>
  <span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">1</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 声明</span>
  <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"%d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, n<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 表达式语句</span>
<span class="br0">}</span> <span class="co1">// 块结尾， if 语句结尾</span></pre></div></div>
<p>每个复合语句引入其自身的<a href="scope.html" title="c/language/scope">块作用域</a>。
</p><p>拥有静态<a href="storage_duration.html" title="c/language/storage duration">存储期</a>的变量的初始化器，及 VLA 声明符在每次控制流经过这些声明时按顺序执行，就像它们是语句一样：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span> <span class="co1">// 块的开始</span>
  <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="co1">// 块的开始</span>
       <a href="../io/puts.html"><span class="kw836">puts</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"hello"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 表达式语句</span>
       <span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"abc<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 声明，打印 "abc\n" ，将 4 存入 n</span>
       <span class="kw4">int</span> a<span class="br0">[</span>n<span class="sy2">*</span><a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"1<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 声明，打印 "1\n" ，分配 8*sizeof(int)</span>
       <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"%zu<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, <span class="kw4">sizeof</span><span class="br0">(</span>a<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 表达式语句</span>
  <span class="br0">}</span> <span class="co1">// 块结束， n 与 a 的作用域结束</span>
  <span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">7</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// n 可以重新使用</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.A1.A8.E8.BE.BE.E5.BC.8F.E8.AF.AD.E5.8F.A5">表达式语句</span></h3>
<p>跟随分号的表达式是一条语句。
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <span class="t-spar">表达式</span><span class="t-mark">(可选)</span> <code><b>;</b></code>
</td>
<td> (1)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr></table>
<p>典型的 C 程序中大多数语句是表达式语句，例如赋值或函数调用。
</p><p>无表达式的表达式语句被称作<i>空语句</i>。它通常用于提供空循环体给 <a href="for.html" title="c/language/for">for</a> 或 <a href="while.html" title="c/language/while">while</a> 循环。它亦能用于在复合语句尾部或声明之前携带一个标号：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><a href="../io/puts.html"><span class="kw836">puts</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"hello"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 表达式语句</span>
<span class="kw4">char</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>s<span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw1">while</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>s<span class="sy2">++</span> <span class="sy3">!</span><span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es5">\0</span>'</span><span class="br0">)</span>
    <span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 空语句</span></pre></div></div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.80.89.E6.8B.A9.E8.AF.AD.E5.8F.A5">选择语句</span></h3>
<p>选择语句根据表达式的值，选择数条语句之一执行。
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>if</b></code> <code><b>(</b></code> <span class="t-spar">表达式</span> <code><b>)</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span>
</td>
<td> (1)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>if</b></code> <code><b>(</b></code> <span class="t-spar">表达式</span> <code><b>)</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span> <code><b>else</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span>
</td>
<td> (2)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>switch</b></code> <code><b>(</b></code> <span class="t-spar">表达式</span> <code><b>)</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span>
</td>
<td> (3)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr></table>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> <a href="if.html" title="c/language/if">if</a> 语句</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> <a href="if.html" title="c/language/if">if</a> 语句带 <code>else</code> 子句</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> <a href="switch.html" title="c/language/switch">switch</a> 语句</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.AD.E4.BB.A3.E8.AF.AD.E5.8F.A5">迭代语句</span></h3>
<p>迭代语句重复执行一条语句。
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>while</b></code> <code><b>(</b></code> <span class="t-spar">表达式</span> <code><b>)</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span>
</td>
<td> (1)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>do</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span> <code><b>while</b></code> <code><b>(</b></code> <span class="t-spar">表达式</span> <code><b>)</b></code> <code><b>;</b></code>
</td>
<td> (2)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>for</b></code> <code><b>(</b></code> <span class="t-spar">初始化子句</span> <code><b>;</b></code> <span class="t-spar">表达式</span><span class="t-mark">(可选)</span> <code><b>;</b></code> <span class="t-spar">表达式</span><span class="t-mark">(可选)</span> <code><b>)</b></code> <span class="t-spar">语句</span>
</td>
<td> (3)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr></table>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> <a href="while.html" title="c/language/while">while</a> 循环</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> <a href="do.html" title="c/language/do">do-while</a> 循环</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> <a href="for.html" title="c/language/for">for</a> 循环</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.B7.B3.E8.BD.AC.E8.AF.AD.E5.8F.A5">跳转语句</span></h3>
<p>跳转语句无条件地转移控制流。
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>break</b></code> <code><b>;</b></code>
</td>
<td> (1)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>continue</b></code> <code><b>;</b></code>
</td>
<td> (2)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>return</b></code> <span class="t-spar">表达式</span><span class="t-mark">(可选)</span> <code><b>;</b></code>
</td>
<td> (3)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>goto</b></code> <span class="t-spar">标识符</span> <code><b>;</b></code>
</td>
<td> (4)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td></tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td></tr></table>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> <a href="break.html" title="c/language/break">break</a> 语句</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> <a href="continue.html" title="c/language/continue">continue</a> 语句</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> <a href="return.html" title="c/language/return">return</a> 语句带可选的表达式</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">4)</span> <a href="goto.html" title="c/language/goto">goto</a> 语句</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8">引用</span></h3>
<div class="t-ref-std-11">
<ul><li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 6.8 Statements and blocks (p: 146-154)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
<ul><li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 6.8 Statements and blocks (p: 131-139)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c89">
<ul><li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 3.6 STATEMENTS 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

</table></div>
</div>

<!-- 
NewPP limit report
Preprocessor visited node count: 2700/1000000
Preprocessor generated node count: 6385/1000000
Post‐expand include size: 45610/2097152 bytes
Template argument size: 10027/2097152 bytes
Highest expansion depth: 17/40
Expensive parser function count: 0/100
-->

<!-- Saved in parser cache with key mwiki1-mwiki_zh_:pcache:idhash:7934-0!*!0!!zh!*!zh!* and timestamp 20200216161902 -->
</div>                    <!-- /bodycontent -->
                                        <!-- printfooter -->
                    <div class="printfooter">
                    来自“<a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/language/statements&amp;oldid=51527">https://zh.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=c/language/statements&amp;oldid=51527</a>”                    </div>
                    <!-- /printfooter -->
                                                            <!-- catlinks -->
                    <!-- /catlinks -->
                                                            <div class="visualClear"></div>
                    <!-- debughtml -->
                                        <!-- /debughtml -->
                </div>
                <!-- /bodyContent -->
            </div>
        </div>
        <!-- /content -->
        <!-- footer -->
        <div id="cpp-footer-base" class="noprint">
            <div id="footer">
                        <div id="cpp-navigation">
            <h5>导航</h5>
            <ul><li><a href="https://zh.cppreference.com/w/c/language/statements">Online version</a></li><li>Offline version retrieved 2020-03-14 18:00.</li></ul></div>
                        <ul id="footer-info">
                                    <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修改于2017年12月9日 (星期六) 08:19。</li>
                                    <li id="footer-info-viewcount">此页面已被浏览过5,492次。</li>
                            </ul>
                    </div>
        </div>
        <!-- /footer -->
        <script>if(window.mw){
mw.loader.state({"site":"loading","user":"missing","user.groups":"ready"});
}</script>
<script src="../../../common/skin_scripts.js"></script>
<script>if(window.mw){
mw.loader.load(["mediawiki.action.view.postEdit","mediawiki.user","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.searchSuggest","mediawiki.hidpi","ext.gadget.MathJax","ext.gadget.ColiruCompiler"], null, true);
}</script>
<script src="../../../common/site_scripts.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var _gaq = _gaq || [];
_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-2828341-1']);
_gaq.push(['_setDomainName', 'cppreference.com']);
_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
</script><!-- Served in 0.496 secs. -->
	</body>
<!-- Cached 20200216161903 -->
</html>